Prasugrel use and clinical outcomes by age among patients undergoing PCI for acute coronary syndrome: from the PROMETHEUS study

Jaya Chandrasekhar, Usman Baber, Samantha Sartori, Melissa Aquino, Kamilia Moalem, Annapoorna S Kini, Sunil V Rao, William Weintraub, Timothy D Henry, Birgit Vogel, Zhen Ge, Joseph B Muhlestein, Sandra Weiss, Craig Strauss, Catalin Toma, Anthony C DeFranco, Bimmer E Claessen, Stuart Keller, Brian A Baker, Mark B EffronStuart Pocock, George Dangas, Samir Kapadia, Roxana Mehran

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prasugrel is a potent thienopyridine that may be preferentially used in younger patients with lower bleeding risk. OBJECTIVE: We compared prasugrel use and outcomes by age from the PROMETHEUS study. We also assessed age-related trends in treatment effects with prasugrel versus clopidogrel. METHODS: PROMETHEUS was a multicenter acute coronary syndrome (ACS) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) registry. We compared patients in age tertiles (T1&thinsp;<&thinsp;60 years, T2 60-70 years, T3&thinsp;>&thinsp;70 years). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were a composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke or unplanned revascularization. Data were adjusted using multivariable Cox regression for age-related risks and propensity score stratification for thienopyridine effects. RESULTS: The study included 19,914 patients: 7045 (35.0%) in T1, 6489 (33.0%) in T2 and 6380 (32.0%) in T3. Prasugrel use decreased from T1 to T3 (29.2% vs. 23.5% vs. 7.5%, p&thinsp;<&thinsp;0.001). Crude 1-year MACE rates were highest in T3 (17.4% vs. 16.8% vs. 22.7%, p&thinsp;<&thinsp;0.001), but adjusted risk was similar between the groups (p-trend 0.52). Conversely, crude incidence (2.8% vs. 3.8% vs. 6.9%, p&thinsp;<&thinsp;0.001) and adjusted bleeding risk were highest in T3 (HR 1.24, 95% CI 0.99-1.55 in T2; HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.46-2.30 in T3; p-trend&thinsp;<&thinsp;0.001; reference&thinsp;=&thinsp;T1). Treatment effects with prasugrel versus clopidogrel did not demonstrate age-related trends for MACE (p-trend&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.91) or bleeding (p-trend&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.28). CONCLUSIONS: Age is a strong determinant of clinical risk as well as prasugrel prescription in ACS PCI with much lower use among older patients. Prasugrel did not have a differential treatment effect by age for MACE or bleeding. Frequency of prasugrel use and age-related temporal risks of all-cause death and bleeding after ACS PCI.

Original languageAmerican English
JournalClinical Research in Cardiology
DOIs
StatusPublished - Jun 1 2020

Keywords

  • Acute coronary syndrome
  • Age-related outcomes
  • Percutaneous coronary intervention
  • Prasugrel versus clopidogrel

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